Paper:16:'Mass-Communication and Media Studies:An Introduction'

  Name: Kunvarani Nidhi k

  s. t. d  : M .A-  sem (4)

 Roll no  :11

Batch year:2013-14

Enrolment No:PG12101018

Paper   : ‘Mass communication and Media studies’

Topic  : ‘Cinema and ‘censorship’ in India’

Submitted to: ‘Department of English’

                       Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji University

                      Bhavnagar.

   ‘Cinema’ and ‘Censorship’ in India’

o  Introduction:

There are both of  popular form in the world of ‘Mass-Media’. ’cinema’ basically one of ‘medium’ of ‘Mass-media’. And, ’censorship’, it’s group  who take care of the ‘rules’ of ‘cinema’. That’s the simple definition of ‘cinema’ & ‘censorship’. But, ‘oxford English Dictionary’ defines this both of terms in this way.

1).’cinema’(n):

1).A theatre where films are shown.

2).The production of films as an art orb industry

     -‘Oxford English Dictionary’

      Thirty-seventh impressions

      2012

      p.94

2).censorship(n):

An official who examines books, films etc. and bans anything considered offensive or a threat to security.

                  -‘Oxford English Mini Dictionary’

                   Thirty-seventh impression

                   p.83/84

That’s the definition given by ‘Oxford Dictinary’. While,one another book defines ‘Censorship’ in another way.

 ‘Censorship’:

Latin censur; censere, to estimate or judge .The office, powers of a censor. It is the censor ’s duty to inspect books, journals, plays, films to secure that they contain nothing immoral, libelous, heretical. strict control of publications is enforced during war time, In normal times censorship often produces bitter controversy. Milton makes a famous attack on censorship in ‘Areopagitica’:

‘As good almost kill a man as kill a good book; who kills a man ,kills a reasonable creature ,God’s image; but he who destroys a good book, reason itself ,kills the image of God, as it were in the eye. Many a man lives a burden to the earth; but a good book is the precious life blood of a master spirit, embalmed and treasured up on purpose to a life beyond life.’

               -‘CURRENT LITERARY TERMS’

                 A concise Dictionary

                A.F. Scott

               Published in 1980

              p.46/47

while, current writer someswar Bhowmik defines  both of terms very well in his book ‘Cinema & Censorship’-

”The origin of  cinema dates back to the nineteenth century. Yet for all practical purposes, cinema is a twentieth century phenomenon-one that has revolutionized the concept and framework of human expression and framework  of human expression and communication.Initially, the cinematograph (or living pictures, as cinema  was then called) was merely one more amusement among  many such to be enjoyed, courtesy the itinerant or small-time entertainers who organized shows at temporary or makeshift venues, most at fair grounds. But, soon, it outgrew it’s humble origin and shed it’s identity as an object of curiosity. Consequently, the artisanal system of manufacturing gave way to a large scale and continuous, system of production for commerce and profit. Cinema graduated to a prime leisure industry, thriving on mass-entertainment

          -‘CINEM,A AND CENSORSHIP’

           By SOMESWAR BHOWMIK

          Edition:2012

         Page:4&5

And, with ‘cinema’ he was also defined another term ‘censorship’.

‘The term ‘censorship’ goes back to the office of the censor established in Rome in 443 Bc . It is derived from  the Latin term ‘censere’ meaning “to give as one’s opinion, to assess”. The Roman censors were magisterial officers who conducted census, regulated the morals and conduct of the citizens, and finally classified them. These officers were appointed to oversee or facilitate the formation of a primitive civil society based on certain formulated criteria, the like of which the earlier Greek civilization had not seen. so, from the very beginning ‘censorship’ has  been associated with some kind of  social engineering and formation. But, in medieval age it’s meaning suffered a significant transformation acquiring an oppressive connotation. This idea has sustained evenm in this age, giving rise to complicated, and often critical, negotiations with it’s liberal tendencies.

    However, the very nature of this instrument as well as the norms of modern civil societies precluded its widespread overt use. such an application has been restricted to specific areas of intense and collective expression, for example the press( in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries ).Even in  these fields it was turning out be anachronistic as well as anomalous, and probably would  have gradually  fallen in to obsolescence at the turn of the  twentieth century.

                      -From the ‘CINEMA AND CENSORSHIP’

                       BY SOMESWAR  BHOWMIK

                       P.4

3).Relation between ‘Cinema’ and ‘censorship’:

‘cinema’ is  the medium where people go for to fresh the mind. But, in the world of freedom also people are not free. Because ,there is also one ‘chain’ who always take care of the , some kind of rules and regulations. In a way ‘cinema’ also not as free as we think. ’censor’ group creates some kinds of ‘boundaries’ for the’ cinema’. In a way, ‘cinema’ & ‘censorship’ both of linked together.

4).what are the laws about ‘cinema’ &’censorship’

 In India:

India’s ‘Central board of Film Certification’ first time established in 1951.Which is also known as ‘central Board of Film censorship’. After, the year 2002 finished 50^th anniversary of Indian cinematograph Act 1952.But,it’s existence since 1920, under the act of 1918.And, the colonial predecessor Act of 1952.

But, about that kinds of law against many people or many groups. Because, they believe that ‘Censorship’s laws  are one kind of  ‘chain’ or ‘boundary’ for the people or viewers in the democratic country .And, they believe that if censor Board prevents some ‘Art’. Then, one day they all art will die. And, who will responsible for that. That question comes here.

5).Is it possibility of power politics in the field of ‘cinema’ and ‘censorship’in India?:

Sometimes it is possibility of ‘politics’ affects in the ‘censorship’. Because ,there is the mind  of each and every human-being. But, some have ability to control their  biases. While, some can not control  biases. And, we can say that they becomes ‘self-centered’. And, that  creates ‘politics’ in the field of ‘censorship’.

For e.g while during  the  very well-known Indian ‘epic’ by Ramanand sagar’s T.v serial ’Ramayana’. And, In this serial ‘Arvind Trivedi’ who was recently died away. He was selected as a member of the CBFC for four years. When he taken charge, he found some opposite idea about ‘censorship’. And, he himself given his review in opposition to cinematograph Act and censorship guidelines by he CBFC.

“If one wants to change the guide lines, one has to go through  the proper channel , in this case the parliament. You  can’t change the rules yourself.”

                    -‘CINEM,A AND CENSORSHIP’

                     SOMESWAR BHOWMIK

                    P.19

And, one more example that I have read from the same book of ‘CINEMA AND CENSORSHIP’. while during released of movie jungauraman (war and peace,154minutes) made by Anandpatwardhan. CBFC told him that to delete all the scenes which are decided by Censor group.

These are scenes which ‘s necessary and interesting part of ‘war and peace’.Let see those scenes which Bhowmik also discussed in his book-

1.Delete the scenes  showing pakistanis burning India’s national Flags.(But, nothing was said regarding Indians burning Pakistan ’s national flag.

2.Delete the scene showing a Buddhis dalit leader objecting to India’s nuclear tests being conducted on Buddha’s birthday and to it’s codenames “Buddha smiles.”

3.Delete the dalit song, which says that the killer of Gandhi was a Brahmin.

4.Delete all references to exposition by tehelka.com in the film.

5.Delete part of an interview by an Indian scientists, especially where he says, ”china is India’s next enemy.”

6.Delete all speeches by politicians, including those by the  central ministers and even the prime minister.

 Suppose above all the scenes can be deleted from the film. Then, what makes it sense? nothing. It’s remain  as either only ridiculous or very much boring and uninteresting documentary. And, directors all hard. work went on vain .And, this type of things decreased enthusiasm of many new- commer directors.

But, Anand patwardhan  not accept this as it is. But, he raised voice against ‘censor Board’in high court. Where he put his argument .And, shown all the demanded 21 scenes which was deleted or cuts by censor board. For their franchise  he was fight as a democratic nations citizen .Where , all people has right to speak for ‘Freedom of Expression’.

He shown all scenes demand for the film which was cut out by Censor Board, ’Film Certification Appllate Tribunal’ has  to give allowance to all cts, Which was before deleted by CBFC  that RC be re-imposed in film again as per the order of high court.

It means that somehow possibility of power politics in ‘censorship’. sometimes the censor Board also becomes wrong judgemental.

But, after raising voice ‘Anand patwardhan’ [proves India as a  democratic nation, where each and every people has equal right for ‘Freedom of expression’. And, after a week film got ‘U’ certification.

Each and every individual in India has to franchise for the speech. It is possibility of some times power politics also becomes harmful for the development  of society.

Is it a ‘censorship’ for the advantages in Indian cinema or disadvantages?

If we are putting ‘censorship’ in place of coin , then  it shows not only particular one side .But, if anything has it’s one positive and another negative side also. As per the idea of Aristotle’s law of ‘possibility’ and ‘ probability’.In a way here also ‘censorship’ must has it’s both of sides :positive and negative also.

A).’Censorship’ for the advantages inIndian ‘Cinema’:

‘central Board of Film Censorship’ first time established in India 1951.

‘censor board’ take care of rules decided by legal government.And,as per it’s rule ‘censor Board’ has to take care of ‘Cinema’ scenes that which should be allow for the public or which should be cut.

In a way censor Board not only the chain for the ‘Cinema’ or public but if censor Board not take  care of some kind of rules .Then, any possibility harms the society. But, censor Board group before release film, sees every scene of film that any scene not harm to the society. That’s the main aim of this group.

In which some rules are there like do not show much violence, cruelty, endangering public order, personal thing about any individual, ,pornography or much sexual scenes, Misrepresentation of cast or religion culture etc. some rules also .That, before many some rigid thought about somekind of scenes but after re-thinking  censor Board makes changes in rules.

If Censor board not prevents some kinds of scenes then it is possibility that ‘Cinema’ owner what they like to present .If it’s a good or bad thing whatever they like. Then, what happen it’s creates inequality, bitterness, terrorism all those things comes in society .But, ‘

Censorship’ prevents all those things. That ‘s all are some advantage of censor Board in Indian cinema. And, as a democratic nation all  has  a right of ‘Freedom of Speech’ or expression. But, that thing any one used for the disadvantage or misrepresentation of the society. Then, it’s must be  responsibility of ‘Censor Board’ to put band on it. e.g. some kind of movie that child can not be able to see, that  type of favor of  steps really good in favor of society. If that kind of not band on society then that kind of ‘Films’ really harms to society.

There are all  thanks to censor Board, that they take care of all those things. In this way ‘Censor Board’ really beneficial for the Indian Cinema.

B).’censorship’ as a chain or disadvantages for theIndian ‘Cinema’:

CBFC many way beneficial also with that harmful also. Because, some rules of censor Board sometimes not put just band on the ’Film’ or ‘Cinema’ but puts band on the reality. Mirror that shows the real society that people do not love to watch. Why should any individual can  not show or bring that harsh reality  in films or cinema? Because ,they shows naked reality of the society. And that reality perhaps more painful that people do not love to watch in the world of dreams or in Cinema.

But, real society is not only of good elements or bad .But, combines of both. That combines in films .If censor Board  cuts that kind of scenes from the film, then that kind of real art do not get  chance to preserve reality of the society.

 And, In India many such  great examples in Hindi film ‘cinema’ also. That very much  good, intellect then  even band by the censor  Board. May be that’s type of films shows bitter reality of the society. And, perhaps that bitter reality  normally people do not love o see in ‘Cinema’.

Examples of Hindi movie which was banded by the censor Board  committee. First of all I would like to give you example of movie ‘Lagaaan’(2002,Hindi) by Ashutosh Gowarikar. And, produced by Hindi film  actor Amir khan. Which was really reached the pinnacle of an oscar glory that film also band by the censor Board.

Then, kunal kohli’s ‘Fanaa’ also band by CBFC. It’s movie band din Gujarat because Gujarati people felt insult through this  movie. And, “insulted” by the hero of the  movie Amir Khan ,who supports Narmada BachaoAndolan.so, that government  put band and forced to cinema owners that do notr exhibit this film.

After ‘Rang de basanti’ directed by Rakesh omprakash Mehra.From the this film also some cuts done by CBFC that release on 26 january 2006.It’s movie also given enough  money to director. This  film was that much famous .Then even it gets cut before released.

In that way in many movie and specially like ‘Fanaa’movie  not released successfully because it shows true representation of the society. here, ’cesnsorshoip’ becomes ‘Chain’ or ‘Boundary’ for the ‘Cinema’.

And, In this way CBFC their speech or view in Express own way .That’s the main disadvantage for the ‘Cinema’ over ‘Censorship’.And, In this way ,many some new creative ideas rotten away because of thought or lack   ofspace or freedom. So, there are some disadvantages for the society and ‘Cinema’ both.

Conclusion:

Above all those points covers the main thing in ‘Cinema & Censorship’ in India. And, above we can see that what are the laws about ‘Cinema’ and ‘Censorship’ in India, how politics affects  in ‘Censorship’ and ‘advantages’ and ‘disadvantages’ of the’Censorship’ in Indian ‘Cinema’.

paper:14:'The African Literature'

 Name: Kunvarani Nidhi k

 S. t. d  : M .A- sem (4)

Roll no  : 11

Batch year: 2013-14

Enrolment No: PG12101018

Paper   : ‘The African Literature’

Topic  : ‘Silence’ in the novel ‘Waiting for the Barbarians”    

               by   J. M. Coetzee

Submitted to: ‘Department of English’

                       Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji University

                        Bhavnagar.

 ‘Silence’ in the novel ‘Waiting for the Barbarians(1980)by J.M Coetzee

o  Introduction:

‘Waiting for the Barbarians’ this novel is written by J.M. Coetzee in before 1980.Thisnovel mainly based on ‘silence’ or ‘colonialism’ or ‘pre-Colonialism’ or ‘Neo-colonialism’. Hybridity, slavement etc...

But, in this novel title of this novel is its elf creates ‘Ambiguity’ in the mind of readers, that who is real ‘Barbarian’.  And , many question unanswerable like-

1.’Is it ‘Waiting for the Barbarians’ talking about ‘silence’ of the African people?’

2. Who are real Barbarians?

3. Is it ‘Barbarians’ exists?

4. Where are ‘Barbarians’?

5. Is it ’Waiting ’named –concept here fruitful or fruitless?

6.Is it Barbarians comes  in this novel?

That type of many questions make ‘silence’ to readers. But, what things make ‘silent’ to characters of the novel. Let see where is real ‘silence’ hidden in this novel.

This novel’s roots is in the poem of ‘C. p. Cavafy’ wrote the same title with  poem ’Waiting for the Barbarians ’In which all people are ‘Waiting’ for the Barbarians’. But, after putting this kind of word writer and poet both of plays chess with readers.

In reality readers can’t able to give final jadgement that who are the real ‘Bararians?’ here.

But, ‘Binary oppositions’ of the society  creates ‘colonialism’ or ‘silence’ in the novel. ‘Binary oppositions ‘Theory by claude-Levi Strauss

  White                         Black

   Civilized                    Uncivilized

  Cultured                     Uncultured

  Day                            Night

 Master                        Slave

Foreign                       Native

Colonizer                    colonized

Educated                   Uneducated

This novel shows before the freedom. What type of problems in the life of African people. About that Ania Loomba gives one quotation-

“Helpless, Voiceless , Hopeless”

                     -‘colonialism’ by Ania Loomba

                       p.144

But, in actually no one is  voiceless .But, one makes one ‘voiceless’. After torturing one. so, that’s why they are ‘voiceless’. In the many some characters becomes speechless or ’silent’. So, what are causes behind that ‘silent’ let see that. And , who are those faces ‘silent’ .Where are the ‘Silence’ in this  novel.

People treated like ‘animal’. That shows tears of ‘voiceless’ or ‘silent’ characters.

Imperialism, cruelty, Feminism, Silence, inequality, injustice, Capitalism, slavement, Hybridity etc. some main themes of this novel.

And, all thinks, links together. so, here Coetzee representes the picture of African society before ‘Freedom’. That what type of behavior Empires  done with African people.

The same glimpse  also gives poem ’Waiting for the Barbarians’ by C.P. Cavafy.

And, Edward said’s Concept of ‘orientalism’ also helpful to understand the ‘Silence’ of this novel, like

           Orient   - Native

         Occident - Western

Characters of this novel:

1).Magistrate

2).colonel Joll

3).Girl

4).Boy

5).old man

6).woman

1).Magistrate

‘Magistrate’ the main character of this novel. And, he himself the ‘protagonist’ of this novel.

He belongs to the British Empire. His work is to give punishment to  Barbarians. And. protect the Empire.

But, Instead of Magistrate saves one ‘Girl’ But, behind those noble work ,his intention is not pure or that much noble. But, behind this thing his personal advantage also.

And, that’s the ‘Male-gaze’ or ‘sexual-pleasure’. And, for that he saves the girl, And, those things proves these dialogues-

“I know that my gaze must have passed over her when, together with the others. She sat in the barracks yard Waiting for whatever was to happen next .My eye passed over her; but I have no memory of that passage.

‘It is who am seducing myself out of Vanity, in to these meanings and correspondence what depravity is it that is creeping upon me. I search for secrets and answers, no matter how bizarre, like an old woman reading Tea-news. There is nothing to link me  with tortures, people who sit  waiting like beeties in dark  cellars-How  can I believe  that a bed is anything but  a bed, a woman’s body anything but a site of joy? Must assert my distance from colonel Joll! I will not

 Suffer for this crimes!’

Above ,long dialogue proves the mind and psychology of the mind of ‘Magistrate’. And, why should he saves the ‘Slave Girl’.

And, for that Magistrate Punished by Empire and they tried to hanged to Magistrate. But, fortunately Magistrate can able to successs in to save himself from that punishment.

2).Colonel Joll:

Colonel Joll, belongs to the white British Empire. Who ruled over Africans. And, treated them cruelly.

“Colonel Joll is from the Third Bureau”I tell them ,”The third Bureauis the most important division of the civil Guard now-a-day?

That is what we hear, anyhow in gossip that reaches us long out of date from the capital:

                       -‘Waiting for the Barbarians’ by J.M.    

                        Coetzee

“There is a certain tone “ Joll says, “ A certain tone enters the voice of a man who is telling the truth. Training and experience teach us to recognize that true.”

And, the same thing here done by himself.”Certain Voice” means here he had speak loudly .So, other have to be ‘Silent’.

3).The Girl:

‘Girl’ is also an important but ‘silent’ or ‘identity less’ character. Writer has been not given identity to this character. It means that Africans treated by the hands of Empire just like ‘Identity less character’ or ‘Silent’ or ‘Voiceless’ character.

‘Colonel Joll’ try to beat her through rope. But, ‘colonel Joll’ tries to save her. Because, he seen his personal benefits in her. That’s why he saves the ‘Girl’.

‘Girl’ is too small, so that she can not understood the mind  or psychology of ‘Magistrate. And, also didn’t know that ‘Magistrate’ objectifies her body. And, tries  to do something wrong with her.

4).The ’Boy’:

Here, ‘Boy’  remain as a ‘nameless’ character like another character escape ‘Colonel Joll’. This character also ill-treated by ‘Colonel Joll’

“The boy lies on a bed of straw in a corner , alive well. He seems to be sleeping, but the tension, of his posture betrays him. His hands are tied in front of him .In the other corner is a long white bundle.”

This above dialogue represents ‘Silence’ of the boy.That’s how he treated by ‘Colonel Joll’. And, ‘hide Bundle’ symbolizes corruption and ‘Blood –money’ of colonel Joll.

‘Silence’ of the novel:

1).’First’ – ‘The Girl’

Here, used of ‘The girl’ shows that kind of situation is only this character. But, ’victimization’ of all girls’ of Africa.

 We can say that here ‘Girl’ representation of ‘Double Marginalization because on the one hand ‘she is ill-treated by ‘Colonel Joll’. Whole, on the another side she is ‘sexually’ harassed by ‘Magistrate’ so, we can say the  in this situation ‘The Girl’ remains ‘silence’ through out the novel.

2).second-The Boy

In this novel little identity less boy also cruelly  punished by ‘Colonel Joll’ and British Empire. Then even he can’t able to raise his ‘voice’ against British Empire. In a way this character also remains ’Silent’ character of this novel.

3).Third-‘ The old Man’:

‘Little Boy’ and ‘Old Man’ both of becomes ‘victim’ of Colonel  Joll and beaten by them. Then even just because of age, they can’t be able to raise question that represents ‘Silence’ of ‘The waiting for the Barbarians’.

4).Fourth-Women

Character of Magistrate representation of the harsh situation of women .When , Empire tries to hanged him ,That situation represents women through the character of ‘Magistrate’ shows ‘Silence’ of the ‘Woman’

5).Fifth: Magistrate:

‘Magistrate’ given hanged by his own members or Empire. And, he knows that African’s are punished by Empire without any crime. But, even if he can’t able to raise his ‘voice’ again his own Empire. So, he is also ’Silent’ character of the novel.

While, another side as a male naturally he crave for the opposite sex. Because we can’t find any woman or female character in his life. So, his attraction towards ‘The Girl’ it can be general. But, He can ’express his love to ‘Girl’ because ‘girl’ is too little. And, can not be able to understood his feelings just because age gap difference. so, that’s also inner ‘silence’ of the character of ‘Magistrate’.

6).Sixth- self

‘self’ is also ‘victim’ or ‘silence’ because  in this novel every characters are ‘silent’ escape to ‘colonel Joll’. And, every character has their ‘self voice’ .But, here, tragedy of them is that no one can ready top listen those ’Silent Voice’. In a way ‘Self’ also ‘Silence’ in this novel ’Waiting for the Barbarians’.

Conclusion:

All characters in the novel ‘Waiting for the Barbarians’ remain as the ‘silence’ or as the ‘silence’ or ‘Voiceless’ or ‘Marginalized ‘ or ‘Victimized’ characters.

And, that bitter and unheard ‘silence’ represented by J.M Coetzee.

Paper:13:'The New-Literature'

Name: Kunvarani Nidhi k

 s. t. d  : M .A- sem (4)

 Roll no  : 11

 Batch year: 2013-14

 Enrolment No: PG12101018

 Paper   : ‘The New-Literature’

Topic  : ‘Characters of the novel

              Harry potter and the  Deathly Hallows’

Submitted to: ‘Department of English’

                       Maharaja KrishnakumarsinhjiUniversity

                       Bhavnagar.     

§ Characters  of  ‘Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’ novel by J.K Rowling.

o Introduction:

‘Harry potter and series written by famous lady writer of London J, K. Rowling. ’Harry potter’ novel divided in to ‘7’ parts and 7^th part has 2 parts .In this way ‘Harry potter’ series divided mainly in to 7^th parts:

1). ‘Harry potter and the Philosopher’s stone’

2). ‘Harry potter and the chamber of secrets’

3). ‘Harry potter and the prisoner  of Azkaban’

4). ‘Harry potter and the Goblet of fire’

5).’Harry Potter and the order of phoenix’

6). ‘Harry potter and the Half-Blood prince’

7). ‘Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’

         A).part-1           

        B).part-2

     ‘Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’ first published in 2007 . It’s really comes in the category of world famous book. So , Let’s see the characters of ‘Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’

§ Major Characters:

o .Harry potter:

‘Harry potter’ is the ‘soul’ of the ‘Harry potter series’. And, also a young ,courageous, kind intellect and helpful wizard. And,  son of dead parents Lily potter & James potter. His intellect is more than his age. In the first part ‘Harry potter and the philosopher’s stone’ in the beginning  writer shown Harry ’s character as a little boy, And, living in his uncle Vernon & Aunt petunia’s home. And, there he treated like’‘Slave’.

After that Hagrid take him away at Hogwrats school of witches and Wizard to teach ‘Dark Arts’ and ‘Magic’.Head of the Hogwarts school ‘Professor.Dumbledore’ knows the future of Harry, that only Harry can able to Kill ‘voldemort’ who killed parents of Harry potter. And, ‘voldemort’  belongs the‘Half blood’ family. So in envy of thing he wish to kill all ‘pure-blood’ of wizard world .And, that’s the result he’s also wish to kill Harry. And to save himself from ‘Death’ and Harry potter he hides his ‘soul’ in to 7^th Horcruxes like-

1).Book

2).Dumbledore’s Ring

3).Locate

4). Hufflepuff ’s cup

5).Diadem

6).Nagini

7).Harry potter (his soul)

And, as a last Horcrux  he commits suicide with voldemort. After that Harry went on the ‘Heaven’ and there he again meets ‘Dumbledore’ who suggest him to again go in to Wizard world to  destroy ‘Voldemort’ .After he comes back  to kill n evil. But,in the end ‘Voldemort’ dies through hid own elder wand.And, then Harry gets marriage with Ron’s sister ‘Ginny Weasley’. After comes long-time gap scene, I n which after 19 years later all friends gathered to send their children at railway of Hogwarts school. Harry-Ginny & Ron-Hermouine with their Children.

o James potter:

James potter,the father of Harry potter.In his young age he was also like Harry potter kind Handsome and brave.And,he was killed by voldemort before begins saga.In this part many times he comes as a memorable character.

o Lily Potter:

She was the sister of Harry’s aunt petunia.Who treats Harryu as a ‘slave’.In her age Lily was the best student of Hogwarts school of Withches & wizards.She was so intellectual, beautiful and smart girl.Each and everyone loved her in that time.And, severus snape also loved her. But, he didn’t dare to propose her.so, that later on she got marriage with James potter,whom she loved.That thing whole life make jealous to James.And then adopts company of voldemort and becomes Death Eater.But, till the end of her life Snape loved her a lot .And, as a faithful to his love severus always tried to protected the child of Lily(Harry).And,She was killed by at the hands of voldemort. When,Harry was so,little child.

o ‘Voldemort’ or ’Tom Riddle

Though, he is villainous character, his role is so much important after ‘Harry’in the series of Harry potter.

From the childhood he was not evil, .But,  opposition of society made him ‘Tom Riddle’ to ‘Voldemort’. He hates his own ‘parents’,Because, he believes that they were responsible for the impure blood of’ Tom-Riddle’

So, he hates his surname also. And, then, converts his name through the technique of ‘Diagram’ ‘Tom-Riddle’

Convert himself as ‘voldemort’ through used of ‘cryptology’

Then, he determines to kill each and every ‘Pure-Blood’ of wizard world. Who makes him ‘Half-Blood’. so, He hides his soul in 7 different Horcruxes. And, ’Harry’ destroys each ‘Horcruxes’ in each part, And, last ‘Harry’ destroys  himself as a last ‘Horcrux’. He commits suicide. With ‘voldemort’ but his last ‘Horcrux Nagini’ is still alive.So, he is again come backs in wizard world.And,laughing on the ‘death’ of Harry. But,Profe.Dumbledore suggest him to again go in to wizard world.After Harry comes back then again war srarts between ‘Voldemort’ and ‘Harry’in which Harry’s class-mate LongBottom Neville Kills the last Horcrux as a ‘Nagini’ which is poisonous snake of ‘Voldemort’.And,in the enduring the War between both ‘Voldemort’ losts his elder and dies throgh his own wand.after the death of ‘Voldemort’Hogwarts felts pace and happiness after so many times.And,corridors singing a victory song in their own words:

“We did it,we bashed them ,wee potter’s the one,

And, voldy’s gone mouldy , sonow let’s have fun!”

o Hermoine Granger:

Hermoine is belongs to the ‘Muggle-world’.And,she also known as ‘Mud-blood’ as her parents one is wizard and another is ‘Muggle’.so, just because of that ‘Hermoine’ has to bear ‘Mud-blood’ sentence like her ‘Dark-spot’.

She is really intellectual than the Harry himself .And, brave, beautiful,innocent and most clever student of,Hogwarts school in her age,’Harry’ and ‘Ron’ both of her class-mates best-friends.

Hermoine always supports ‘Harry’  in each and every problems of his life.And,also helps in to find out Horcruxes .she always gives him support as a ‘best-friend’.And, for that ‘Ron’ many times jealous to them.Because, ‘Ron’ believes ‘Hermoine’ as his girl friend.Till the 7^th part she remain as the same  friend of Harry.And, in the last part ‘Deathly Hallows’  in the end she married with ‘Ron Weasley’.And,after 19^th  years she and ‘Ron’ her husband comes to drop their children in to raiway station of wizards which railway goes to Hogwarts  magic school of Witches and wizards.

o Ron Weasley:

‘Ron Weasley’  is   class-mate of ‘Harry’ and ‘Hermoine’ and best frienf of them.He is son of ‘Arthur Weasley.He belongs to wizard family .And, his father is employee of the Ministry of Magic .And, Fred , George , Bill,percy Ginny all some brothers and sister of ‘Ron’.

He’s looking so  smart & handsome with his chubby chicks.Many times his character remain ‘Fearful’. Through his ‘magic car’ many times he helps ‘Harry’. And,also many times he gets ‘jealous’ to ‘Harry’ in study and also in his ‘Closeness’towards Hermoine and his mother also praises Harry more than him that all things makes him ‘jealousious’.and,also many times remain as a 'funny' character.

o Arthur Weasley:

 He is father of’Ron’,’Fred’,’Bill’,’Percy’ and ‘Ginny’.And, employee of the ministry of magic.He is always interested in to know new something about Muggle world.And,he always try to help Harry.

o Molly Weasley:

Mother of ’Ron’,’Fred’,’Bill’,’Percy’ and ‘Ginny’.And the wife’Arthur Weasley’.she is really kind innocent character.she always take care of Harry as her wn child.And, that many times make jealous to Ron.And, at last she kill self like ‘Bellatrix’ whose follower of voldemort.

o Charlie Weasley:

‘Charlie’, the second son of Arthur and Molly weasley.And student of Gryffindor Quiditch and school prefect.And,also member of Dumbledore’s army as a order of phoenix.

o Fred and George weasley:

Both are twins brothers of Ron.And, both of somewhere mischivious.But,with this also helpful and loyal to Harry.

He is ‘oldest’  of weasley brothers.who lives in a cottage  by the sea.And, He marries to miss .Delacour Fleur.

o PercyWeasley:

He is third oldest brother in Weasley brothers.And, he is somewhere proudy and gives accompany to corruption and evil in the world of magic .And, he is against ‘Harry’ and ‘Dumbledore’.And, quite different natures

Person than his whole family.

o Guinny Weasley:

Daughter of Arthur & Molly Weasley.And, only sister of Ron,Fred,George,Bill,and percy weasley.

Whose also studying with ‘Ron’ at ‘Hogwarts school’And, member of Dumbledore’s Army.she is alsobrave ,beautiful and intellectual.And, she is ‘girl-friend’ of Harry.

And, in the end she gets marriage with ‘Ron’.And, herlast appearance as a mother of Lily and James potter (children of Ginny &harry)

o Albus percival Wulfric Brian  Dumbledore:

Albus Dumbledore ,the head of ‘Hogwarts school’.He is really kind and intellect ;experienced,and ‘oldest person’ of ‘Hogwarts school’.

Dumbledore always remain as a friend,philosopher and guide of the Harry.And, through put his life,he always tries to do something for Harry .His all works always in safety of ‘Hogwarts’.He tells Snape to kill him.And, He is founder of the order of phoenix.,who saves to Harry in the second part’The chamber of secrets’.

And,when Harry dies,in that time he gives suggestion to go back to Hogwarts & to save Hogwarts and to kill voldemort enemy of Hogwarts school. His character is very much near to’Jesus Christ’

o Severus Snape:

In thwe very beginning to last part ‘severus snape’remains ambiguous character for the readers.Because ,many times he tries to help and sometimes he rudely behaves with Harry.

Till the last part readers can not able to say anthing about this ambiguous character.But, in the last part,’Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’  when severus kills by voldemort ‘s snake nagini in that time snape gives his memory to Harry.After Harry goes to  headmaster’s office and views the whole past life and truth behind his work and character.

In which through he can able to know that in his childhood Snape loves Harry’s mom Lily potter a lot .But, just because of his father he couldn’t be able to marry with Lily.And, that thing makes him’Jealous’ to James potter.But. then even  he remains good friend of Lily till her death.And,Harry also part of his friend.so,he many times try to save Harry and sometimes he feels Harry inside James potter.That thing make angry to snape towards Harry.

And, it’s not snape who kills Dumbledore willingly. But,Dumbledore himself ordered him to kill Dumbledore. so that Dumbledore can able to put faith on snape. And,that thing sympathizes readers towards ‘severus snape’.

o Dudley Dursley:

Harry’s cousin .who always rudely behaves with Harry till the last part. But, in last part just because of his own safety he lives his mother and father also. He is also selfish, rude and very much arrogant character.

O Vernon Dursley:

Uncle of Harry potter. And, person with ‘high-belly’. who is also always rude behaves with Harry and treat him like’slave’.And, he do not wish that harry will go at Hogwarts school.

o Petunia Dursley:

She is aunt of Harry potter and wife of vernon Dursley and mother of Dudley.she is also rude arrogant, fashionable woman.she is always hates Harry.Though he is the son of her own sister.But, treaty him like ‘slave’of the home.

o Sirius Black:

Harry’s godfather.And, about him one doubt in the mind of Harry that he is in favour of him or Voldemort. But, after he knows that he is really innocent .And,always good wishes for Harry.  And, many times helps to Harry .And,killed by  the followers of voldemort.

o Rubeus Hagrid:

Keeper or care-taker of keys and Grounds of Hogwarts.And, also friend of Dumbledore and Harry potter.Beginning to end series in each part he helps to Harry.Aqnd, in the last part,he is killed by followers of voldemort. He is really kind,  innocent, humorous, intellectual and in memorable character of the ‘Harry potter’.

And, he remains in the memory of all people of Hogwarts as a long beard fellow with giant body. And, with mischievous moment with Harry and his friends .And,he always wish good for Harry .And. he(HHHhhhhhhhhagrid) is the Half-brother of Grawp. He was killed by Voldemort in the last part.And,known as a Harry 'Beloved'.

o Neville Longbottom:

Class-mate of Harry potter. In the beginning series his character is weak and poor. He can not be able to remember his lesson or magic also .And, he is son of Dark wizard who were forced and ill-treated by voldemort.

In the all series Neville develops or transforms. And, he converts himself from weak heroic after being Army of Dumbldore .And, ‘killing’  the very poisonous snake of voldemort nagini in the last part. And, also raises his voice against voldemort for his cruelty.

o Lucius Malfoy:

Very tall and one of thwe followerof voldemort. And, father of ‘Draco Malfoy’. whose  class-mate of Harry. He treated as elf in the follower of  voldemort. Though ,he belongs to very much wealthy and powerful family.

o  Xenophiles’ Lovegood:

 He is ‘Luna’s father . But,he is not loyal like Luna. But, rather pompous .And, discusses with Harry about ‘Deathly Hallows’.And, works as a editor of ‘The Quibbler’.

o ‘Draco Malfoy’:

Draco Malfoy the arrogant son if Lucius and Narcissa Malfoy.And, enemy of  Harry potter always hates Harry and his friends.

o Narcissa Malfoy:

Wife of Lucius Malfoy and mother of ‘Draco Malfoy’.And, sister of ‘Bellatrix’.Whose follower and one of the ‘Death Eater’ of voldemort.

o Dobby:

‘Dobby’ the House-elf little creature of Malfoys. First appears  in the second part and deny Harry to go Hogwarts school.To save Harry from voldemort.In that time Harry feels that He wish to kill him.

‘Dobby’  gets freedom after getting new socks from Harry potter.And,then till the last breath of himself he believes Harry as his master and he remains faithful to Harry. And,in the end killed  by the hands of Bellatrix  elf of voldemort. And, saves Harry and his friends and also proves his honesty towards his master 'Harry potter'.

o Professor Minerva McGonagall:

She is Lady professor at Hogwarts and head of Griffindor House. She is loyal to Harry and Dumbledore and Hogwarts. And,always try to support Harry and his friends.

§ Minor characters of’Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’:

o Yaxley:

One of the follower of voldemort , and also ‘Death-Eaters’.

o Dolohov:

Neighbour of yaxley. whose also involved in the discussion between yaxley, voldemort, snape and his followers in the beginning of the novel.

o Pius Thicknesse:

'who believes –‘The blood traitor same as bad as the Mudblooods.’

                      - p.204

                   ‘Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’

Thicknesse one of the Minister of Hogwarts and helps Harry when,Harry hidden at the safe place. He is loyal to Harry and Hogwarts.He has ability to felt presence of person.so,that many times in invisibility cloak saves Harry to listen talk between Dumbledore and Thicknesse in his invisibility cloak.

o Decoy Detonator:

One of the pamphlet maker.And, helper of Harry potter.

o Remus  John Lupin:

Harry’s teacher of Defense against Dark, and good friend of Harry.Member of the order of phoenix.He  helps a lot to Harry and marry with Nymphadora Tonks and becomes father of hr child.

o Teddy Remus Lupin:

Teddy remus is the son of Remus Lupin & Numphadora.

o Nymphadora Tonks:

Nymphadora a young Auror and member of order of phoenix .And, she is niece of Bellatrix.Who’s getting Marry with Lupin .And,becomes mother to her son.

Ted Tonks:

Ted Tonks father of Nymphadora.He is mudblood,

o Refus scrimgeour:

The minister of magic who replaces cornelius Fudge another professor.But, he is so much coward .Heiskilled by voldemort.

o Dean Thomas:

One of the fellow class-mate of Harry and student of Gryffindor.He can not be able to prove his parents were not wizards.

o Griphook:

One of the goblin just like creature.Whole works in Gringotts bank.And, one time, he also betrays Harry an his friends in the last part’Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’.

o Fleur Delacour:

 A young and beautiful lady .whose graduated fromBeauxbatons academy of Magic.And,getting marry with Bill Weasley.

o Elphias Doge :

A member of order of the phoenix and oldest friend of Dumbledore.And, published news and life of  Dumbledore in the paper ‘Daily prophet’.

o Rita skeeter:

‘Ritaskeeeter’ is one another journalist.And, who publishes news and wrong-right biography of the life of Dumbnledore and some other stuffs also.

o Kendra Dumbledore:

'kendra' Dumbledore ,the mother of Albus Dumbledore,Aberforth  and Ariana Dumbledore. she did not wish to Ariana will go in to Hogwarts school.But, on the another side Ariana has extreme desire to go and learn dark arts from Hogwarts school.And,Her that extreme desire take her in to path of crime.And, at last she herself killed her opwn  mother ‘kendra Dumbledore’.

o Aberforh Dumbledore:

Younger brother of Albus Dumbledore.But,quite oppsite nature’s than Dumbledore.And,he was broken he nose of Dumbledore at the funeral of Ariana.

o Arianna Dumbledore:

She was the daughter of Kendra Dumledore. And, she was so much enthusiastic to go in Hogwarts school. But,her mother kendra did not like that idea of mother.and, her this crave made her criminal as per killing her own mother.After few times she was also dies.

o Charity Burbage:

Professor of Dark Art .But,rather coward and pompous.In the second part through his own curse he losts his own memory in the 2 part ‘Harry potterand the chamber of Secrets’.

o Regulus Arclurus Black:

He was sirius’s younger brother,who was died at his younger age.And,he was also one of the follower of Dumbledore.

o Kreacher:

He is also elf.He is also elf.Like ‘Dobby’.But, this elf is rather bitter ,corrupt ad betrayer and also takes bribe from the Harry to speak truth about stolen the truth about

o Marry Elizabeth cattermode:

She is a witch.And,  a single shaky nod.Married to Reginald cattermode one of the magical maintenance department.And,becomes mother of Ellie, Alfred ,and Maisie.In some of the Ellie and Alfred Cattermode hates to mud-blood like Hermoine. While. ’Maise’ who is one of the witch and in the second part ‘Harry potter and the chamber of secrets’many time comes from the lavetories.and,she was also killed by voldemort in her young age.And,helps to Harry potter.

o Krum:

He was fellow  class-mate of Harry potter.And,  also believes that Gregorovitch is better.

o Mafalda Hopkinc:

Medium lvel Ministr of magic at Hogwarts.

o Amycus and Alecto carrow:

Brother and sister both  are Death Eaters and torturing students and taught them torture each other.

o Dolores Umbridge:

Before head of Hogwarts and after senior ember of the ministry of magic.punishing others using rules and regulations.Then even she is not the Death Eater of  voldemort. she is in charge of funding and punishing mud-bloods for the ministry.Like, Hermoine.

o Fenriv Greyback:

A werewolf ,who servesLord volemort.

o Pansy parkinson:

One of the student of slytherin House and hates Harry Potter.Devoted to Draco Malfoy.

o Vincen crabbe of Gegory Goyle:

Both of students of Hogwarts school and fellow class-mate of Harry.Friends of Draco Malfoy. And,also they are stupid,and cruel also.

o Muriel:

 Whose, one of  aunt of Ron.

o Mundungus:

In the time of war at Hogwarts,when’seven Harry potters’ scene comes. Mundungus one of the Harry from seven.But,later on he stolen the locket of Kreacher , which is many times in possession of Kreacher.After,as per order of Harry Kreacher Brings him back.

o Mad-Eye(Alastor  or  Moody):

Mad-Eye, also in favour of Harry potter.aqnd, in the last part he also becomes one Harry.And, for that followers of voldemort kills him in the last part’Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’.In this way,he sacrifice  himself o protect the Harry potter. Then, But,Exactly his body Ministry couldn't  be to find  out.

o Grenowitch:

European wand maker.Who was also killed by voldemort.

o Gellert Grindelwald:

Dark Wizard, first of all friend of Dumbledore and then foe of Albus Dumbledore.Nephew of Bathilda Bagshot. Owner of Elder wand.And, he was also killed by Lord Voldemort.

o Godric Gryffindor:

Co-founder of Hogwarts school.

o Rowena Ravenm claw:

Mother of Helena Roven claw and so-founder of Hogwarts.

o Helena Ravenclaw:

She was the danger looking ,Grey Lady and Daughter of Rowena .she hides her mother’s Diadem and then killed by baron and remain sin Rovenclaw house as a ghost.

o Salazar slytherin:

Co-founder of Hogwarts parsel mouth, ancestor of Lord voldemort.

o Garrick  ollivender:

Wand maker, owner of ollivender .He was taken away by followers of voldemort but saved by ‘Dobby’ the honest elf and Harry potter.

o Peter pettigrew:

Friend of James potter, sirius Black and Remus Lupin. Betrays James and Lily potter (parents of  Harry potter)  And, remain as a ‘rat’ of Ron. And, known as a scabber.

o Runcorn:

Main member of Ministry of Magic and one of the follower of ‘Death-Eater’ of voldemort.

§ Conclusion:

Above given all some characters of ‘Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’ novel Written by J. k. Rowling. There are a lot characters in the ‘Harry potter and the Deathly Hallows’ and I have tried to discuss most of all characters of the novel.